Molten Slags, Fluxes and Salts: The Key Players in Sustainable Technologies
Molten slags, fluxes and salts may not always be at the forefront of people's minds, but they play an extremely important role in metallurgy and materials processing.
As the fast-approaching MOLTEN 2024 conference draws near in Brisbane, Australia, from 17 - 19 June, it's crucial to understand the significance of these materials, particularly when supporting the transition to sustainable technologies.
Molten slags
Let's start with molten slags. In metallurgical processes, slags play a pivotal role in the production of metals such as iron, steel, copper, and aluminium. But what exactly are they?
Slag is essentially a byproduct formed during the smelting or refining of ores. It acts as a medium to remove impurities from the metal, aiding in the separation process between the desired metal and its ore. Sulphur, phosphorus, and other undesirable elements are absorbed by the slag, leaving behind a purer form of the metal. Moreover, slags also offer insulation and protection for the molten metal, guarding it against oxidation.
Fluxes
Moving on to fluxes, these are substances added to metals to facilitate melting or to rid them of impurities. Fluxes achieve this by lowering the melting point of the constituents, thus aiding in the removal of oxides and other impurities, which are then absorbed into the slag. By improving the fluidity of the molten metal, fluxes ensure a smoother refining process. Common examples of fluxes include limestone (calcium carbonate), soda ash (sodium carbonate), and fluorspar (calcium fluoride). They are extensively employed in welding, soldering, and metal refining processes to enhance the quality and purity of the final product.
Salts
Lastly, let's delve into molten salts. These versatile materials find applications across diverse industries owing to their unique properties. With high thermal conductivity, high heat capacity, and non-volatility, molten salts are ideal for various purposes. They serve as heat transfer fluids in solar thermal power plants, high-temperature electrolytes in batteries, and catalysts in chemical synthesis. Additionally, they function as a medium for metal extraction processes and are integral to the manufacturing of ceramics and glass.
Molten slags, fluxes, and salts form the backbone of many metallurgical and materials processing operations. They not only facilitate the extraction and refining of metals but also contribute to enhancing efficiency, reducing costs, and ensuring the quality of final products in industrial applications. This collective effort towards utilising these materials also leads to supporting the transition to greener and more sustainable technologies, aligning with global initiatives for a more environmentally conscious future.
Ready to learn more?
AusIMM is thrilled to present the 12th International Conference on Molten Slags, Fluxes, and Salts. This notable event, held every 4 years, will bring hundreds of delegates from around the world to engage with renowned experts, hear from distinguished plenary speakers, and delve into the latest advancements in the field. Through interactive sessions, workshops, and poster presentations aligned with the conference themes, attendees will have unparalleled opportunities to deepen their knowledge, foster collaborations, and drive innovation in high-temperature processes.
The conference provides a pivotal platform for industry to not only gain insights from subject matter experts but also to actively contribute to the collective effort towards a more sustainable future. By understanding and harnessing the potential of molten slags, fluxes, and salts, attending delegates will play a vital role in progressing towards greener and more efficient technologies.