The development of a design-and-construct tunnelling project in Australia from its concept to its construction requires designs to be prepared and reviewed at several distinct stages prior to documenting for construction'. On recent projects the post-tender stages have been variously called 30 per cent-70 per cent-100 per cent; or concept-substantial-final; or system definition-preliminary-critical. The design is reviewed at each stage by the designer's internal reviewer, the contractor and its independent advisor(s), the owner and its independent advisor(s), the project's independent certifier, proof engineers and often third-party stakeholders and their advisors._x000D_
Documentation for each stage often dominates the design effort, at times distracting from design. This paper presents the authors' experience of this design-and-review process. Comparisons of design budget and actual design spend and design program implications are presented. It is postulated that a subtle change has occurred in our industry that has diminished the value of the design dollar. Is there a better process? An alternative is suggested.CITATION:Bertuzzi, R and Rouvray, B, 2014. Reducing the cost of tunnel design in Australia, in Proceedings 15th Australasian Tunnelling Conference 2014 , pp 501-506 (The Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy: Melbourne).