This paper discusses the social and economic impact of mining, and in particular goldmining, on New Zealand. The range of topics covered and their complexity has confined us in this paper to highlighting the main points of concern - a detailed report is under preparation._x000D_
A major problem in undertaking this study was the lack of hard data on important environmental, economic and social issues and if there is to be effective planning in the area of natural resource use this situation must be rectified. The following conclusions were drawn: Goldmining was very important in shaping New Zealand's early social and economic development, providing wealth, employment and impetus for social change._x000D_
Foreign investment and technology has been an essential element in New Zealand's economic development._x000D_
Mining is a small industry at present by this must not be allowed to obscure its potential to broaden New Zealand's economic base and provide foreign exchange._x000D_
With modern methods, development of mineral resources and environmental protection are not incompatible but certain unique and irreplaceable areas must be preserved._x000D_
There are problems in evaluating mining and other projects because different groups hold different values, and arguments often hinge on the valuation of costs and benefits rather than the technical aspects of the analysis._x000D_
Mineral exploration is a high risk business and the potential returns must be sufficient to attract capital if New Zealand's mineral resources are to be developed._x000D_
A resurgence of goldmining will clearly have obvious benefits for Waihi but the local community must plan carefully for their future.New Zealand will also gain valuable foreign exchange required for higher levels of economic activity.