The Australian underground coal industry has experienced substantial improvements in longwall productivity and, as such, the methods of providing a safe and productive mine environment have needed to evolve and develop. Whilst the primary method of controlling atmospheric conditions is by airflow it has become impracticable or impossible for the majority of Australian longwall mines to contend with all environmental hazards with primary ventilation alone.If the ventilation circuit cannot provide a safe and productive mine environment at an acceptable cost and circuit duty then supplementary controls are required. Examples include pre-gas drainage, post-gas drainage, gas utilisation, refrigeration and innovative dust control systems. Of the 21 longwall operations surveyed in Australia, there were 13 in New South Wales and eight in Queensland.This study represents a timely opportunity for the industry to examine the primary and supplementary ventilation systems implemented in Australian longwall mines and to discuss how to equip the industry to successfully face the future of underground longwall ventilation management in Australia.CITATION:Webber, M, Belle, B and Rowland, J, 2017. Australian longwall ventilation systems, in Proceedings Australian Mine Vent Conference 2017, pp 301-308 (The Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy: Melbourne).