Each orebody is inherently unique, exhibiting specific processing behaviours that can significantly impact project economics. Early-stage ore characterisation is therefore critical to maximising the long-term value of orebodies, processing plants and associated infrastructure. This paper presents a resource characterisation framework implemented across Fortescue’s Iron Ore Exploration projects, highlighting how early geometallurgical insights are embedded in practice. The process begins with strategic planning of diamond drilling and sampling to ensure materials are representative of orebody variability and suitable for downstream testing. Drill core samples undergo high-resolution digital scanning to capture core imagery, mineralogical, geotechnical and bulk density data sets. Hyperspectral analysis plays a vital role in detecting potential processing risks, such as the presence of swelling clays and minerals not familiar to the naked eye. Geological and mineralogical data sets inform the selection of metallurgical composites, each tailored to reflect specific ore types and variability. Metallurgical test work is conducted at independent metallurgical laboratories and forms the backbone of the characterisation workflow. These tests evaluate physical properties, beneficiation potential and processing response, particularly scrubbing, screening, magnetic and gravity separation methods. All data generated throughout the program from initial logging to test work outcomes are captured in acQuire™ database platform. This enables traceability and security, supports data integrity and facilitates efficient analysis and data integration to build geometallurgical models. These models support mine planning decisions, enhance value optimisation and ensure a smooth transition from Exploration to studies and operations. By embedding this workflow early in the exploration phase, we can better inform strategic decisions, improve confidence in resource development and align orebody knowledge with plant design and capabilities. The goal is to deliver a fit-for-purpose characterisation approach that drives value from drill core to decision-making.